ABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the predictive value of serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the prognosis of patients with paraquat (PQ) poisoning, and to provide evidence for early prognosis assessment. Methods: In February 2022, 50 patients with PQ poisoning who completed serum LDH detection admitted to the Department of Emergency Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from January 2012 to December 2021 were selected as the observation group, and 50 healthy physical examination personnel were randomly selected as the control group. Patients with PQ poisoning were divided into survival group and death group according to the prognosis, and the differences of blood routine routine, liver and kidney function and other indicators in the first admission between the two groups were compared. Multivariate logisitic regression model was established, ROC curve was drawn, and the influencing factors of prognosis of patients with PQ poisoning were analyzed. Results: Compared with the control group, the white blood cell count (WBC), total bilirubin (TBil), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), LDH, glucose (GLU) and creatinine (Cr) in observation group were significantly increased, while albumin (ALB) and total cholesterol (TC) were significantly decreased (P<0.05). Univariate analysis showed that WBC, elevated LDH (>247 U/L), TBil, ALT, AST and Cr were significantly different between PQ poisoning survival group and death group (P<0.05). Multivariate logisitic regression analysis showed that elevated serum LDH was an independent risk factor for the prognosis of PQ poisoning patients (OR=9.95, 95%CI: 1.34-73.82, P=0.025). The area under the ROC curve of LDH was 0.811 (95%CI: 0.692-0.930). When the cut-off value was 340 U/L, the sensitivity was 0.889 and the specificity was 0.719. Log-rank test showed that there was a statistically significant difference in survival rate between the normal LDH group and the elevated LDH group (P=0.001) . Conclusion: Serum LDH has a good predictive value in evaluating the prognosis of patients with PQ poisoning. Elevated LDH is a risk factor for poor prognosis of patients with PQ poisoning.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the clinical features and genetic features of combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 32 (COXPD32) caused by MRPS34 gene variation. Methods: The clinical data and genetic test of a child with COXPD32 hospitalized in the Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics in March 2021 were extracted and analyzed. A literature search was implemented using Wanfang, China biology medicine disc, China national knowledge infrastructure, ClinVar, human gene mutation database (HGMD) and Pubmed databases with the key words "MRPS34" "MRPS34 gene" and "combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 32" (up to February 2023). Clinical and genetic features of COXPD32 were summarized. Results: A boy aged 1 year and 9 months was admitted due to developmental delay. He showed mental and motor retardation, and was below the 3rd percentile for height, weight, and head circumference of children of the same age and gender. He had poor eye contact, esotropia, flat nasal bridge, limbs hypotonia, holding instability and tremors. In addition, Grade Ⅲ/6 systolic murmur were heard at left sternal border. Arterial blood gases suggested that severe metabolic acidosis with lactic acidosis. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed multiple symmetrical abnormal signals in the bilateral thalamus, midbrain, pons and medulla oblongata. Echocardiography showed atrial septal defect. Genetic testing identified the patient as a compound heterozygous variation of MRPS34 gene, c.580C>T (p.Gln194Ter) and c.94C>T (p.Gln32Ter), with c.580C>T being the first report and a diagnosis of COXPD32. His parents carried a heterozygous variant, respectively. The child improved after treatment with energy support, acidosis correction, and "cocktail" therapy (vitaminB1, vitaminB2, vitaminB6, vitaminC and coenzyme Q10). A total of 8 cases with COXPD32 were collected through 2 English literature reviews and this study. Among the 8 patients, 7 cases had onset during infancy and 1 was unknown, all had developmental delay or regression, 7 cases had feeding difficulty or dysphagia, followed by dystonia, lactic acidosis, ocular symptoms, microcephaly, constipation and dysmorphic facies(mild coarsening of facial features, small forehead, anterior hairline extending onto forehead,high and narrow palate, thick gums, short columella, and synophrys), 2 cases died of respiratory and circulatory failure, and 6 were still alive at the time of reporting, with an age range of 2 to 34 years. Blood and (or) cerebrospinal fluid lactate were elevated in all 8 patients. MRI in 7 cases manifested symmetrical abnormal signals in the brainstem, thalamus, and (or) basal ganglia. Urine organic acid test were all normal but 1 patient had alanine elevation. Five patients underwent respiratory chain enzyme activity testing, and all had varying degrees of enzyme activity reduction. Six variants were identified, 6 patients were homozygous variants, with c.322-10G>A was present in 4 patients from 2 families and 2 compound heterozygous variants. Conclusions: The clinical phenotype of COXPD32 is highly heterogenous and the severity of the disease varies from development delay, feeding difficulty, dystonia, high lactic acid, ocular symptoms and reduced mitochondrial respiratory chain enzyme activity in mild cases, which may survive into adulthood, to rapid death due to respiratory and circulatory failure in severe cases. COXPD32 needs to be considered in cases of unexplained acidosis, hyperlactatemia, feeding difficulties, development delay or regression, ocular symptoms, respiratory and circulatory failure, and symmetrical abnormal signals in the brainstem, thalamus, and (or) basal ganglia, and genetic testing can clarify the diagnosis.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Infant , Acidosis, Lactic , Brain , Brain Stem , Dystonia , Dystonic Disorders , Mitochondrial DiseasesABSTRACT
Beta (β)-thalassemia is one of the most common hemoglobinopathies worldwide, creating major public health problems and social burdens in many regions. Screening for β-thalassemia carriers is crucial for controlling this condition. To investigate the effectiveness of mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) for screening β-thalassemia, retrospective data were analyzed for 6,779 β-thalassemia carriers subjected to genetic testing following thalassemia screening in Guangdong province between January 2018 and December 2019. Prevalent mutations observed included CD41/42 (-TTCT) (38.43%), IVS-II-654 (C > T) (25.71%), -28 (A > G) (15.78%), CD17 (AAG > TAG) (10.03%), and β
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , China , Erythrocyte Indices , Mass Screening , Mutation , beta-Thalassemia/geneticsABSTRACT
@#AIM: To investigate the effects of doxycycline(DOX)on vasculogenic mimicry(VM)in human pterygium fibroblasts(HPFs)and its molecular mechanisms.<p>METHODS: Primary cultured HPFs were identified by Vimentin and CK through immunocytochemical staining. HPFs were divided into control group and DOX group including low, medium and high concentrations(50, 100, 200mg/L). The activity and migration of HPFs were detected by cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)and wound healing assay. The density of VM was observed by three-dimensional cell culture and periodic acid schiff(PAS)staining and compared the differences of VM formation in each group. Western blot was used to analyze the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9)and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF).<p>RESULTS:Immunocytochemical staining results showed that the cells were spindle shaped, meanwhile, they were positive for Vimentin and negative for CK, which were consistent with the characteristics of fibroblasts. Compared with the control group, the cell activity, mobility, VM density and the expression of MMP-9 and VEGF proteins in the DOX group were significantly decreased(<i>P</i><0.05). Compared among different concentrations of DOX groups, the differences were statistically significant(<i>P</i><0.05). Correlation analysis indicated that VM density formed by HPFs was significantly positively correlated with the protein expression of MMP-9 and VEGF(<i>r</i>=0.949, 0.960, all <i>P</i><0.05).<p>CONCLUSION: DOX can inhabit HPFs activity, migration, VM density by reducing the expression of MMP-9 and VEGF, suggesting that MMP-9 and VEGF may be the molecular mechanisms of VM formation in pterygium.
ABSTRACT
Through market investigation, the adulteration of Zaocys dhumnades on markets was found out, and samples of authentic and adulterated Z. dhumnades on markets were collected. The origin and properties of the adulterated Z. dhumnades were studied in order to provide reference for the identification of Z. dhumnades. The counterfeit Z. dhumnades sold on markets were as follows: Ptyas korros, P. mucosus, Najanaja atra, Sinonatrix annularis, Dinodon septentrionalis, etc. It is found that there existed a obvious difference between the traits of the Z. dhumnades and counterfeits. Genuine Z. dhumnades with "sword ridge" "iron tail", strongly ribbed scales and other features, is the key point to identify the difference from adulterants.
Subject(s)
Animals , Drug Contamination , Materia Medica , Reference Standards , SnakesABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to develop a simple, sensitive ultra performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method for the determination of syringaresinol, N-trans-feruloyltyramine, chelerythrine chloride, sinomenine, coptisine chloride, sanguinarine, chelidonine, magnolflorine, allocryptopine, protopine, farrerol, stylopine and dihydrosanguin-arine in Tong'an injection (TAI), which could be used for the quality control of TAI. The UPLC analysis was performed on Agilent Zorbax SB-Aq column (2.1 mm×150 mm,3.5 μm), with 0.1% formic acid solution (A) -acetonitrile (B) as the mobile phase for gradient elution (0.01-2 min, 5%B; 2-8 min, 5%-30%B; 8-11 min, 30%-95%B; 11-13 min, 95%B; 13-13.1 min, 95%-5%B; 13.1-14 min, 5%B). The flow rate was 0.5 mL•min⁻¹, and the column temperature was 25 ℃; multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) was performed in electrospray ion source positive ion mode for quantitative determination. The calibration curves for the above thirteen compounds showed good linear relationship in corresponding mass concentration range (r>0.999 0). The average recovery rate of the compounds ranged from 95.70% to 104.8%, with RSD of less than 1.9%. The contents of thirteen active components in 10 batches of TAI were 0.021 2-0.029 0, 0.001 7-0.002 3, 0.000 9-0.001 3, 5.952-6.205 2, 0.195 4-0.240 5, 0.002 0-0.002 9, 0.693-0.798 2, 0.069 3-0.078 2, 0.089 29-0.102 9, 0.386 5-0.420 1, 0.014 3-0.015 9, 0.755 3-0.842 1, and 0.008 2-0.011 2 g•L⁻¹ respectively. Methodology validation proved that this method was simple, rapid, sensitive and accurate, which can be used to provide reference for the comprehensive evaluation of TAI quality. The determination results of 10 batches of TAI showed the content of each batch had no significant difference. The results may provide a basis for the quality control of TAI.
ABSTRACT
To study Ginkgo biloba leaves in different producing area, we establish an HPLC method for the simultaneously determination of seven flavonoids glycosides and four biflavonoids in G. biloba leaves. The analysis was performed on an Agilent ZORBAX SB-C₁₈ column(4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm) wich acetonitrile, and 0.4% phosphoric acid as mobile phase at flow rate of 1 mL•min⁻¹ in a gradient edution, and the detection was carried out at 254 nm.The calibration curves of the seven flavonoids glycosides and four biflavonoids had a good linearitiy with good recoveries. The established HPLC method is simple, rapid, accurate, reliable, and sensitive, and can be applied to the identification and quality control of G. biloba leaves.
ABSTRACT
To study the metabolic transformation of pumiloside by rat intestinal flora in vitro and identify its metabolites. Pumiloside was incubated in the rat intestinal flora in vitro. HPLC was used to monitor the metabolic process, and HPLC-Q-TOF-MS was used to identify the structures of biotransformation products. In vitro, pumiloside was easily metabolized by rat intestinal flora, and with the prolongation of metabolic time, pumiloside was transformed into several metabolites. Three metabolites were initially identified in this experiment. The study indicated that pumiloside could be extensively metabolized in the rat intestinal flora in vitro.
ABSTRACT
This study focused on the intestinal absorption of traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) to reveal the scientific connotation of the compatibility of TCM pairs. The single pass intestinal perfusion (SPIP) was used in rats to compare the absorption of single extracts from Puerariae Lobatae Radix, single extracts from Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, combined extracts from Puerariae Lobatae Radix and Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma and Puerariae Lobatae Radix and Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma mixture in rats. The content of puerarin, ginsenoside Rg1, ginsenoside Re and ginsenoside Rb1 in liquid were tested by HPLC. The speed constant (Ka) and apparent permeability coefficients (Papp) were calculated and compared. Specifically, the order of puerarin Ka and Papp values from high to low was Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma and Puerariae Lobatae Radix mixture > single extracts from Puerariae Lobatae Radix > combined extracts from Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma and Puerariae Lobatae Radix; the order of ginsenosides Ka and Papp values from high to low was Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma and Puerariae Lobatae Radix mixture > single extracts from Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma > combined extracts from Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma and Puerariae Lobatae Radix. The combined administration of Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma and Puerariae Lobatae Radix may improve the absorption in the intestinal tract.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Ginsenosides , Pharmacokinetics , Intestinal Absorption , Isoflavones , Pharmacokinetics , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Panax , Chemistry , Plant Extracts , Pharmacokinetics , Pueraria , Chemistry , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , RhizomeABSTRACT
Cornea stroma mostly consists of proteins in extracellular matrix secreted by corneal epithelial cells,stroma and endothelial cells.A total of 1 679 unique Swiss-Prot annotated proteins are identified by LC-MS/MS analyses in human corneal stroma based on SDS-PAGE separation followed by in-gel trypsin digestion.As the principal component of corneal stroma, corneal stroma proteins play an important role in the physiological and pathological activities of eye.Studies towards their functions are helpful for revealing the pathogenesis of eye diseases and providing new ideas of prevention and therapy.Mainly through their manifestations,proteins in corneal stroma play a key role in forming gel-like organic material and network like structure of filaments.The gel-like organic material is composed of proteoglycan,enzymes,haemocyanin and binding proteins,while the network of filaments are constituted by collagen, elastin,keratin,vimentin as well as interconnected filaments made from fibronectin and laminin.The categories and functions of corneal stroma proteins were summarized.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To discuss the synergistic mechanism of compatibility of Ginseng Radix (GR) and Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (AMR), and to determine the compounds in GR and AMR before and after compatibility using HPLC method. Methods: Hypersil ODS column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) was adopted. The mobile phase was acetonitrile (A) and water (B) for gradient elution (0-35 min, 5%-35% A; 35-40 min, 35% A; 40-80 min, 35%-95% A). The detection wavelength was set at 203 nm. The column temperature was 25℃. The flow rate was 1 mL/min. Results: The HPLC analysis suggested the extracts before and after compatibility were different on contents of GR and AMR. In GR and AMR co-decoction, the contents of ginsenosides Rg1, Re, Rf, Rd, and butenolide I increased obviously, and a new chromatographic peak appeared. There was no obvious change in other components. Conclusion: The synergistic mechanism of the compatibility of GR and AMR can be proved with the increased dissolution of ginsenoside and a new chromatographic peak.
ABSTRACT
AIM@#To identify the structure of the acid-catalyzed product of strictosamide and explore the reaction mechanism.@*METHODS@#The acid-catalyzed reaction process of strictosamide was monitored by HPLC, and a macroporous resin was used to purify the reaction solution. The structure of the product was confirmed by MS, NMR, and ROESY spectra.@*RESULTS@#The acid-catalyzed transformation yield from strictosamide to vincoside lactam was 52%.@*CONCLUSION@#The reaction mechanism of the transformation from strictosamide to vincoside lactam may be related to the stability of the three-dimensional configuration of the compound. These results offer a new way to obtain vincoside lactam from the widely distributed indole alkaloid strictosamide by acid-catalysis.